Combined with the current market environment, mold manufacturing characteristics of 3C products and urgent problems to be solved, the direction of intelligent manufacturing technology is to improve the machining accuracy and surface quality of molds.
China is a big consumer of 3C(computer, communication and electronics) products, with a market demand of 1.3 billion people. Mobile phones and computers of well-known brands such as apple and huawei have become the target pursued by young people. At the same time, China is also a manufacturing country. Two-thirds of the world's electronic products are manufactured and assembled in China. Domestic 3C manufacturing enterprises are large in scale, but most of them are OEM enterprises that do not master high-end products and core technologies, and millions of employees earn meager profits in busy production lines. Nowadays, 3C products are developing in the direction of diversification and individuation. Under the fierce market competition, the speed of upgrading and upgrading is getting faster and faster. Various shape designs bring new opportunities to the mold manufacturing industry. The author as a numerical control craft personnel, unifies own work experience, talks about the 3C mold wisdom manufacture technology and the development direction.
1.3 manufacturing characteristics of C mold
Mould is a special design and manufacturing tool according to the requirements of product structure. Can directly change the shape and size of raw materials, make it into qualified parts, maximize the cost of manufacturing. Various parts made by molds (see figure 1) account for more than 70% of 3C products, and are widely used from shell structure to integrated circuit board (see figure 2). Compared with other manufacturing methods, it has the dual advantages of high efficiency and low cost. Mould is "quality amplifier", which plays a decisive role in product quality. If a set of mold defects, the production of thousands of products will have the same defect, resulting in batch unqualified products, which is also the root cause of some "shanzhai" electronic products of poor quality.
The 3C mould with complex shape has high requirements on structural strength and manufacturing accuracy, and the forming surface of the product is not allowed to have any defects. Therefore, precision processing equipment and measuring device are mostly adopted. Some die work surface and substrate requirements are very different, it is difficult to use the same material to meet all the requirements, generally use welding and surface treatment methods, in the important parts of the mold through insert, surfacing, spraying and nitriding and other special processes to strengthen its local performance.
The unique manufacturing process of 3C mold covers the essence of electromechanical processing and manual operation. 20 centuries 80 time, the processing of mould of small home appliance is given priority to with manual operation, mould quality depends on the skill level of skillful craftsman, show most outstanding with mould fitter especially, a lot of old master practice a unique skill. Started in the late 90 s, mould processing is given priority to with numerical control machine tools and special equipment, processing center and thread cutting to popularize and apply solved many difficult technical problem in the field of technology, special processing by the use of a number of technical means such as electrolysis, laser and ultrasonic, can mould cavity and a corner, to fill the gaps in conventional cutting tool is unable to realize.
2.3 problems to be solved urgently in C mold
The manufacturing accuracy of 3C mold is strict. If conventional equipment and processing methods are used (see figure 3), the precision error of parts can be controlled within a reasonable range, but the accumulation of errors after assembly will cause corresponding dislocation and deviation in the working part of the mold, directly affecting the size and appearance quality of the formed products. According to the traditional manufacturing process, the operator will adopt the remedial method of repairing and matching, drawing on each other's strengths to make up for the shortcomings, and piecing together. Although the rework barely meets the acceptance requirements of the mold, it leaves hidden dangers for the normal use in the future.
In the process of mould cutting, the mould deformation and machining error caused by tool wear and cutting force change cause great difficulties to the subsequent assembly. On some irregular die surfaces, the cutting points of the cutter and the workpiece change continuously with the slope of the surface of the machining part, forming an uneven cutting step. Limited by the arc of the tool tip and the feed Angle, the CNC precision cut mold surface will leave a slight knife mark (see figure 4). Under the premise of considering the production efficiency, operators often adopt the method of polishing and polishing, and use electric tools to quickly remove the machining traces. Although the surface roughness requirements are met, excessive polishing will destroy the curved surface and linear structure of the mold, making the CNC machining achievements wasted.
The rapid development of 3C products in recent years has posed severe challenges to China's mold enterprises, and the defects of low mold production efficiency and unstable quality have been gradually exposed. To solve the technical problems in these processing fields, we can only adopt more advanced intelligent manufacturing technology, reduce the random errors and manual interference in the processing process, avoid the rework and repair caused by it, complete all the contents of the processing parts in one step, and fundamentally improve the quality of the mold and production efficiency.
3.3 intelligent manufacturing technology advantage of C mold
Intelligent manufacturing technology is the perfect combination of computer software and high-end CNC equipment, set design, processing, testing and test functions as one, can be in the mold design stage for intelligent modeling and finite element analysis, pre-completion of the mold forming process and simulation test, to optimize and improve the possible defects. CNC machine tool after decades of upgrading, the programming instructions and cutting cycle has been equipped with man-machine dialogue function, according to the processing characteristics of the mold and the programmer's logical thinking, automatic selection of the best tool path, for intelligent manufacturing technology provides a strong hardware foundation. Three coordinate measuring machine and optical projector is commonly used in die manufacturing measuring equipment, to be able to online mould machining parts for all-round random testing, testing data synchronization feedback to the execution unit of computer software, to assist the complete machine tool numerical control system of precision guidance function, to secondary nap, inappropriate parts processing size can be accurate to a few microns. All the parts can be finished in one clamping, to ensure the accuracy of the mold.
4. Conclusion
Traditional machining, the manufacturing accuracy and surface quality of its die wisdom technology instead of a great improvement, will guide the die manufacturing field of another industrial revolution. Talent is the soul of the mold, a good mold is inseparable from excellent designers and skilled master operator. Ten years of hard work, thousands of mold training a senior technician.